ABSTRACT
The prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV)-16 in patients with cervical cancer,the physical status of HPV-16 in patients with cervical lesions,and the role of HPV-16 integration in cervical carcinogenesis were investigated.HPV genotyping was performed by using PCR approach with the primer GP5+/GP6+ and type-specific primer on biopsy specimens taken operatively from 198 women.Multiple PCR was done to detect physical status of HPV-1 6 in a series of cervical liquid-based cytology samples and biopsy specimens obtained from different cervical lesions with HPV-16 infection,including 112 specimens with cervical cancer,151 specimens with CIN Ⅰ,246 specimens with CIN Ⅱ and 120 specimens with CINⅢ.The results showed that there were 112 cervical cancer samples (56.57％ of total cervical cancer patients) with HPV-16 infection.The frequency of HPV-16 pure integration was 65.18％ (73/112),56.57％ (47/120),23.58％ (58/246) and 7.95％ (12/151) in cervical cancer,CINⅢ,CIN Ⅱ and CIN Ⅰ patients respectively.In situ hybridization was performed on some paraffin-embedded sections of CIN Ⅱ,CINⅢ and cervical cancer to verify the physical status of HPV-16 infection.Significant difference was observed between cervical cancer and CIN Ⅰ,CIN Ⅱ,CINⅢ in the frequency of HPV-16 integration (P＜0.01).It is suggested that HPV-16 is the most prevalent type and is associated with cervical cancer.In the case of HPV-16 infection there are close associations between the severity of cervical lesions and the frequency of HPV-16 integration.The application of testing HPV genotyping and physical status based on detection ofHC- Ⅱ HPV DNA would be in favor of predicting the prognosis of cervical precancerosis and enhancing the screening accuracy of cervical cancer.
ABSTRACT
The debate exists whether or not gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs used in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) impair endometrial receptivity.Homeobox A11 (Hoxall),Meis homeobox 1 (Meisl),cadherin 1 (Cdhl),and catenin beta 1 (Ctnnbl) are well known to be involved in successful implantation.In this study,the endometrial expression of Hoxall,Meisl,Cdhl,and Ctnnbl during the peri-implantation period was investigated in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) mouse model by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot to evaluate the relationship between Hoxall,Meisl,Cdhl,and Ctnnbl expression and the impact of the COH on endometrial receptivity.The mimic COH protocols included GnRH agonist plus human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) (GnRH agonist group),GnRH antagonist plus HMG (GnRH antagonist group),and HMG alone (HMG group).The expression levels of Hoxall,Meisl,Cdhl,and Ctnnbl mRNA and protein were decreased in all of the COH groups.The expression levels of Hoxall and Ctnnbl were the lowest in the GnRH agonist group,and those of Meisl and Cdbl were lower in the GnRH analog groups than the HMG group.There were positive correlations between the expression of Hoxall and Ctnnbl,as well as the expression of Meisl and Cdhl among all the groups.In conclusion,the COH protocols,particularly with GnRH analogs,suppressed Hoxall,Meisl,Ctnnbl and Cdhl expression,in mouse endometrium during the peri-implantation period.Our data reveal a novel molecular mechanism by which the COH protocols might impair endometrial receptivity.
ABSTRACT
Human trophoblast cells were isolated and cultured in vitro in order to investigate possible pathogenesis of intrauterine infection caused by HCMV.Trophoblast cells were obtained by compound enzymes digestion and discontinuous percoll gradient.Cells and purity were identified by using immunocytochemistry assay with anti-CK7,Vim and β-hCG antibodies.HCMV AD169 strain replication in isolated trophoblast cells and cell apoptosis were detected at different time points post infection(p.i.).The results showed that highly purified trophoblast cells were obtained.Specific virus replication was increased dramatically at the 24th h p.i.,and then increased slowly during 48 h and 72 h.Apoptosis rate of trophoblast cells infected with HCMV was(34.68±3.14)% at 24th h p.i.,while that in control group was(15.32±2.34)%(P<0.05).It was suggested that highly purified trophoblast cells can be isolated by the simplified cell purification method.HCMV can infect human trophoblast cells,and be quickly replicated,resulting in the accelerated apoptosis of human trophoblast cells during early time.